MESOTHELIOMA

by: Nick Johnson

Everyone is probably aware that people are able to develop an illness or even cancer from exposure to harmful chemicals. But did you know, people come in contact with these chemicals in the workplace without their knowledge? The type of cancer developed from these harmful chemicals, asbestos, is called Mesothelioma. Continual exposure to asbestos in the workplace causes cancer cells to form in the body. This cancer generally affects the lungs, but in some instances, the cancer is able to develop in the abdominal cavity of the heart.

Many people question why asbestos is so harmful to people if it is comprised of minerals that naturally appear within the environment. The reason why it is pernicious is quite simple; Asbestos causes an unnatural and harmful reaction within the body. Unlike other minerals found in the environment, the minerals that comprise asbestos are unaffected by fire and heat. They do not dissolve, evaporate into the air, nor contain an odor. In addition, the minerals in asbestos are tasteless. Thus giving the harmful chemicals free range to enter your body through inhalation. For some reason, many companies avoid warning workers on the presence and danger of asbestos. Sometimes, the companies are unaware of the presence of asbestos, but most often they are negligent and flat out do not warn their workers of the dangerous chemicals that engulf the workplace. Employees unknowingly work within these environments for months or years on end, unequipped with proper protective gear. When a workplace is filled with asbestos, the threat of malignant Mesothelioma is very much present. The three ways the body is susceptible to attack from this deadly cancer are: pleural (lung), peritoneal (stomach), and pericardial (heart).

SYMPTOMS OF MESOTHELIOMA

When dealing with the symptoms associated with Mesothelioma, people should be aware warning signs may not appear until 20 years after the were unknowingly exposed to asbestos. For the three different types of Mesothelioma, Pleural, Peritoneal, and Pericardial, there are many different symptoms.

Pleural Mesothelioma strikes the lining of the lungs and causes shortness of breath, persistent cough, and a pain that lingers in the chest. A victim of Pleural Mesothelioma may also suffer from chronic wheezing and a hoarse voice. All of these symptoms stem from excess fluid gathering in the space surrounding the lungs. When this type of cancer is sever, the development of numerous tumors may form. In time, pneumothorax (collapsing of the lungs) may occur.

Another type of this cancer develops within the lining of the abdominal cavity, Peritoneal Mesothelioma. Unlike victims of Pleural Mesothelioma, Peritoneal Mesothelioma victims experience weight loss, fatigue, weakness, loss of appetite, and muscle atrophy. This group of symptoms is often referred to as Cachexia. Diseases with weakened immune systems and cancer usually bring on cachexia. Similar to Pleural Mesothelioma, Peritoneal Mesothelioma also has built up fluid, although this form of the cancer has built up fluid in the stomach cavity, accompanied with abdominal swelling and pain. Additional signs that one suffers from Peritoneal Mesothelioma include: fever, anemia, bowel obstruction, and blood clotting. In late stages of the cancer, tumors may appear in the abdominal cavity.

The third type of Mesothelioma, which is Pericardial Mesothelioma, attacks the heart, as well as the lining surrounding the heart. Pericardial Mesothelioma is the most rare form of all three diseases. The symptoms of this type of cancer are somewhat similar to those of Pleural Mesothelioma, but also include chest pain, heart palpitations, and a nagging cough. Severe cases of Pericardial Mesothelioma display a different crop of symptoms. A patient may notice a yellowing of the eyes and skin. They may also experience low blood sugar levels, blood clots in the veins and arteries. Severe bleeding may also occur various organs throughout the body.

Generally, Mesothelioma related caner does not spread to other parts of the body besides, the lungs, heart, and stomach, but in some instances the disease will breach other parts of the human body (i.e. brain, bone, or adrenal glands). When spreading of the disease occurs, additional signs and symptoms may appear. These include but are not limited to: excessive pain, trouble swallowing, and swelling of the neck and/or face.

If you or a loved one have been diagnosed with Mesothelioma related cancer or suspect you may have Mesothelioma related cancer then please do not hesitate to contact Nick Johnson at http://www.johnsonlawgroup.com.

Types Of Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma Types

Mesothelioma is caused by long-term, repeated exposure to asbestos fibers. The disease is generally found in four different forms: pleural, peritoneal, pericardial, and testicular. In each case, the cancer develops in mesothelial cells, which form the membranous linings that surround and protect organs. The different names for each type of mesothelioma refer to the point of origin of the cancer.

Mesothelial membranes are made up of two different layers, called the parietal and visceral layers. Parietal layers are outer layers, and these typically cover large areas such as the chest cavity (in the case of pleural and pericardial membranes) and the abdominal cavity (as in the case of peritoneal membranes). Visceral layers are those that cover organs such as the lungs and heart. Mesothelioma develops in these membranes when asbestos fibers become trapped in the spaces between mesothelial cells.

Mesothelioma is a particularly aggressive type of asbestos cancer, and is highly resistant to treatment, resulting in very high mortality rates and poor prognosis for people diagnosed with the disease. In general, pleural mesothelioma responds more positively to treatment, particularly if the disease is diagnosed early. However, all forms of mesothelioma are difficult to diagnose, and unfortunately, it is common for the disease to be diagnosed too late for treatment to be effective.

The type of mesothelioma a patient is diagnosed with will invariably determine the treatment plan suggested by their doctor. A myriad of treatment options are available for patients diagnosed with all types of mesothelioma and a comprehensive packet detailing the options will be provided overnight to those interested who fill out this form.

Pleural Mesothelioma

Pleural mesothelioma develops in the mesothelial lining of the lungs, which is known as the pleura. About 75 percent of all mesothelioma cases are pleural.

Symptoms of pleural mesothelioma include difficulty swallowing, a persistent dry cough, persistent chest pain, or pain when breathing, and difficulty breathing even when resting. These mesothelioma symptoms result from pressure on the lungs and respiratory system, caused by thickening of the pleural membrane and fluid build-up between membrane layers. As the cancer advances, lumps may develop under the skin of the chest.

Diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma involves imaging tests such as chest x-rays, MRIs, and CT scans, and may also include biopsies that remove tissue and fluid to test for the presence of cancer cells. These tests also help determine the stage of the cancer and the options available for treatment. Generally, patients in stage one and two mesothelioma are good candidates for surgery, whereas patients in stages three and four have more limited treatment options, and may only be able to receive palliative treatments.

Peritoneal Mesothelioma

Peritoneal mesothelioma develops in the peritoneal lining of the abdominal cavity. This is a relatively rare form of mesothelioma; approximately 10 to 20 percent of all mesothelioma cases are peritoneal in nature.

Symptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma include pain or swelling of the abdomen, changes in bowel habits (such as constipation or diarrhea), unexplained weight loss, and nausea or vomiting. These symptoms are caused by thickening of peritoneal membranes and fluid build-up, which puts pressure on internal organs and prevents normal function of some organs. As the cancer advances, people with peritoneal mesothelioma may notice lumps developing under the skin of the abdomen.

Diagnosis of peritoneal mesothelioma involves imaging tests such as CT scans and MRIs, as well as biopsies of fluid and tissue to detect the presence of mesothelioma cells. There is currently no recognized staging process for peritoneal mesothelioma.

Peritoneal mesothelioma is problematic in terms of treatment, because the cancer can spread quickly throughout the peritoneum and often metastasizes more quickly than other types of mesothelioma. In some cases surgery is possible, but this is typically a palliative treatment option.

Pericardial Mesothelioma

Pericardial mesothelioma develops in the membrane that surrounds the heart, also known as the pericardium. This is a very rare form of mesothelioma, occurring in only 1 to 5 percent of cases. This form of mesothelioma is also very difficult to treat.

Symptoms of pericardial mesothelioma include irregular heartbeat or palpitations, chest pain, and difficulty breathing. These are caused by the pressure put on the heart by the build-up of fluid in the spaces between pericardial membrane layers.

It is very rare for pericardial mesothelioma to be diagnosed early enough for any form of treatment to be effective, and pericardial mesothelioma patients typically have an extremely poor prognosis. In very rare cases, the cancer may be diagnosed early enough for surgery to have a positive effect; however, the proximity of this cancer to the heart makes such surgery a high-risk mesothelioma treatment option.

Testicular Mesothelioma

Testicular mesothelioma is the rarest of all mesothelioma cancers, as less than one hundred cases have been recorded. This type of mesothelioma develops in the lining that surrounds the testicles, known as the tunica vaginalis.

Due to the extreme rarity of testicular mesothelioma, very little has been noted about its symptoms and the treatment options available. Often, the disease is not diagnosed until patients notice the appearance of testicular lumps. In some cases, surgery for an unrelated condition such as a hernia leads to the detection of testicular mesothelioma.

If the primary tumor has developed in the testicles, treatment involves removal of part or the entire affected testicle, followed by chemotherapy or radiation therapy. In many cases the testicular tumor is secondary, and the primary cancer is located in the peritoneum. In these cases, treatment follows established patterns for peritoneal mesothelioma in addition to removal of testicular tumors.

Mesothelioma Causes & Steps After a Diagnosis

Mesothelioma is a rare type of cancer that develops in the mesothelial cells that lines many organs and body cavities. The mesothelium (composed of mesothelial cells) is the membrane that lines three of the body's cavities, and depending on what cavity it lines it is given a specific name: the thoracic cavity (pleura), abdominal cavity (peritoneum), and the heart sac (pericardium).

Mesothelioma is a rare cancer that can develop in the mesothelium of the thoracic cavity in the lungs.

The mesothelium that covers the internal organs is called the visceral mesothelium, while the layer that covers the body wall is called parietal mesothelium.

Mesothelium tissue also surrounds the male internal reproductive organs and covers the internal reproductive organs in women.

Mesothelioma is an aggressive cancer of the mesothelium, in which cells of the mesothelium become abnormal and divide uncontrollably and without order. They can invade and damage nearby tissues and organs. Most cases of mesothelioma begin in the thoracic cavity (pleura) or the abdominal cavity (peritoneum).

Approximately 2,000 to 3,000 cases of mesothelioma are diagnosed each year in the United States, comprising around 3 percent of all cancer diagnoses. This cancer occurs about four times more frequently in men than in women. All forms of mesothelioma, except for benign mesothelioma, are invariably fatal. The prognosis for mesothelioma is almost always poor and most studies report a median survival of less than one year, but the prognosis really depends on how early the cancer is diagnosed and how aggressively it is treated.

After a mesothelioma patient learns of their diagnosis, the next step is often exploring applicable treatment options to create the best treatment plan possible. Treatment options range from surgery to chemotherapy and we offer information about the various types of treatment available to patients. To help you learn more about these options, we provide an informational packet to interested patients and their loved ones at the top, right of this page.